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The Xiuzhen tu () is a Daoist diagram of the human body illustrating principles of ''Neidan'' 內丹 "Internal alchemy", Chinese astrology, and cosmology. ==Title== The title ''Xiuzhen tu'' combines three Chinese words: *''xiu'' 修 "embellish, decorate; repair, overhaul; study, cultivate; build, construct; trim, prune; write, compile" *''zhen'' 真 "true; real; genuine" or (Daoist) "original, unspoiled character of a person; ultimate reality; a ''xian'' transcendent". *''tu'' 圖 "picture; drawing; chart; map; plan" Common examples of this special Daoist ''zhen'' "ultimate truth" meaning include ''Zhenren'' 真人 "true person; Spiritual Master" and ''Quanzhen'' 全真 "complete truth; Quanzhen School". ''Xiuzhen tu'' is translated into English as: *"Illustration of Developing Trueness" (Alphen and Aris 1995:170) *"Chart of the Cultivation of Perfection" (Kohn 2000:487) *"Diagram of Cultivating Perfection" (Komjathy 2004:53) *"Chart for the Cultivation of Perfection" (Despeux 2008:767) ''Xiuzhen'' () is an uncommon word associated with Daoism. It first appears in Ge Hong's (4th century CE) ''Baopuzi'' 抱朴子 (行品 chapter), which says ''xiuzhen'' practices characterize a ''daoren'' 道人 "Daoist". ''Xiushen'' 修身 and ''xiudao'' 修道 are more common synonyms of ''xiuzhen'' that occurred centuries earlier in pre-Han Chinese classic texts. ''Xiushen'' () is a basic moral principle of Chinese philosophy. In Confucianism, ''xiushen'' is the ethical basis for social order. The ''Great Learning'' (tr. Legge 1893:266) says ancient rulers utilized "self cultivation": "Their persons being cultivated, their families were regulated. Their families being regulated, their states were rightly governed. Their states being rightly governed, the whole kingdom was made tranquil and happy." In Daoism, ''xiushen'' refers to a supernatural "self cultivation". The ''Zhuangzi'' (tr. Mair 1994:96) claims it can result in long life: "Carefully guard your body, and leave other things to prosper themselves. I guard the one so as to dwell in harmony. Thus have I cultivated my person for one thousand two hundred years and my physical form has still not decayed." ''Xiudao'' () means "practice a religious regimen; follow religious rules; enter a monastery". The first sentence in the Confucian ''Doctrine of the Mean'' (tr. Legge 1893:124) associates ''xiudao'' with ''jiao'' 教 "teach; instruct": "What Heaven has conferred is called The Nature; an accordance with this nature is called The Path of duty; the regulation of this path is called Instruction." 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Xiuzhen Tu」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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